General Material used for Nano Formulations


1 Materials  
Polymer

Methods of  NPs preparation
Polymers
Monomers polymerization
Poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate)
Poly(alkyl methacrylate)
Poly(styrene)
Poly(vinylpyridine)
Nanoprecipitation
Poly(ε-caprolactone)
Poly(lactic acid)
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
Poly(methacrylate)
Solvent evaporation
Poly(ε-caprolactone)
Poly(lactic acid)
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
Poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)
Ethyl cellulose
Salting out
Cellulose acetate phthalate
Poly(alkyl methacrylate)
Ethyl cellulose
Poly(lactic acid)
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
Desolvation,  denaturation,  ionic gelation
Albumin
Casein
Gelatin
Alginate
Chitosan
Ethyl cellulose

Stabilizers
Generally surfactants are used as stabilizers to reduce high surface free energy of nanosized particles.
Generally used stabilizers are-
  • Cellulosic
  • Poloxamers 184, 188, 338, 407
  • Poloxamine 908
  • Polysorbates 20, 40, 60, 80
  • Lecithins
  • Cremophor EZ and RS 40
  • Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether
  • Povidones
  • Lecithin is stabilizer of choice for parenteral preparations.

Organic solvents
Water  immiscible  organic  solvent  :    
  • Methylene  chloride
  • Chloroform
  • DCM

Partially  water  miscible  solvent    :                
  • Ethyl  acetate
  • Ethyl  formate
  • Butyl  lactate
  • Triacetin
  • Propylene  carbonate 
  • Benzyl  alcohol
Water  miscible  solvent:                
  • Ethanol
  • Isopropanol
Co-surfactants
  • Bile salts
  • Dipotassium  Glycerrhizinate
  • Transcutol
  • Glycofurol
  • Ethanol
  • IPA

Other additives
  • Includes Buffers
  • Salts
  • Polyols
  • Osmogents
  • Cryoprotectants


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