Knowledge of Pharma

PLANT LAYOUT  FOR CAPSULE MANUFACTURING DEPARTMENT: ENVIRONMENT CONDITION FOR CAPSULE FILLING AREA Humidity:          Not more than 35% RH Temperature:    Not more than 25% Area of each room, position of equipments, washing, drying, and sanitary facilities must be in accordance with GMP. MANUFACTURING PROCESS: CHEMCAPS Limited is an India based young and dynamic organization engaged in the manufacture and export of 'empty hard gelatin capsules' under the brand name of 'Chemlock' for discerning customers around the globe. COMPOSITION                                     Gelatin                                     Water                       ...

Aim:  Determination of Angle of repose, Carre's Index & Hausner ratio of given powder Reference: L. Lachman CVS Subramanyam Requirements: Apparatus:  Funnel, beaker, measuring cylinder, funnel holding stand Chemicals:  Lactose, Na. carbonate, Boric acid Theory topics: Angle of Repose: Introduction, Definition, Equation, Description, various methods of determination, factors affect, Pharmacopoeia specification, effect on flow property Fig: Methods of angle of repose Carr’s consolidation Index (CI) Introduction, Definition, Equation, Description, various methods of determination, factors affect, Pharmacopoeia specification, effect on flow property Hausner’s Ratio: Introduction, Definition, Equation, Description, various methods of determination, factors affect, Pharmacopoeia specification, effect on flow property Procedure: Angle of repose: Weighed amt. of powder was taken (lactose-5gm, na. bicarbonate-10gm, Boric acid-10gm) Weighed p...

Introduction: It is binding of drug to plasma protein in blood component.  Binding of drugs to plasma proteins is reversible.  Various plasma protein to which drug binds includes Albumin, α1-Acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid), lipoprotein, globulins, etc.  Order of binding of drugs to various plasma proteins:  Albumin > α1-Acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid) > Lipoproteins > Globulins Such bound drug is both pharmacokinetically as well as pharmacodynamically inert i.e. a protein bound drug is neither metabolized nor excreted nor it  is pharmacologically active.  A bound drug is also restricted since it remains confined to a particular tissue for which it has greater affinity. Moreover, such bound drug because of its enormous size cannot undergo membrane transport & thus its half life is increased.  However this binding is rapidly reversible and non-specific – that is many drugs may bind to the same protein. Drug–plasma protein bindi...